HIV/AIDS is a global epidemic caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system, leaving individuals vulnerable to infections and diseases. AIDS, or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, is the final stage of HIV infection when the immune system is severely damaged. HIV is primarily spread through sexual contact, blood transfusions, and mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. The global impact of HIV and AIDS is significant, with an estimated 38 million people living with HIV worldwide and over 1 million deaths due to AIDS-related illnesses in 2021. Without treatment, individuals with HIV are at risk of developing AIDS and experiencing severe health complications. Understanding the causes, transmission routes, global impact, role in the immune system, and statistics on its spread is essential for preventing the spread of HIV and providing effective care and support for those living with the virus.
